Topic & sub-topics covered: New Forms of Publication, Women and Print, Print and the Poor People: Print Culture and The Modern World (All single detail notes are exam-oriented).
We have discussed in-depth and exam-oriented pointers that can be asked in the board exam of class 10th about “New Forms of Publication, Women and Print, Print and the Poor People” which is taken from the NCERT History book for class 10th chapter no. 5 “Print Culture and The Modern World“.
Download NCERT History Chapter 5 Class 10th Notes PDF for “Print Culture and The Modern World”
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NCERT Class 10 History Chapter 5 Print Culture And The Modern World Class 10th Notes & Concept
New Forms of Publication
1. Impact of Printing on Literary Preferences:
- Printing led to a demand for literature that reflected the lives, experiences, emotions, and relationships of readers.
- The novel emerged as a popular literary form, catering to this need and offering diverse portrayals of human life.
2. Expansion of Literary Forms:
- Alongside novels, new literary forms such as lyrics, short stories, and essays on social and political issues gained popularity.
- These forms highlighted human experiences and social dynamics, reflecting the changing societal norms.
3. Emergence of Visual Culture:
- Increased accessibility to printing presses facilitated the reproduction of visual images in mass quantities.
- Artists like Raja Ravi Varma produced images for mass circulation, while wood engravers created prints for decoration, shaping popular perceptions of modernity, tradition, religion, and politics.
4. Role of Caricatures and Cartoons:
- Caricatures and cartoons became prevalent in journals and newspapers by the 1870s, serving as commentary on social and political matters.
- They depicted various aspects of Indian society, including the fascination with Western culture, the fear of social change, and critiques of imperial rule.
Women and Print
1. Increase in Women’s Literacy:
- Women’s literacy saw a significant rise in middle-class households, facilitated by the liberal attitudes of husbands and fathers who supported women’s education at home and in schools.
- Journals played a crucial role by advocating for women’s education and providing suitable reading material for home-based schooling.
2. Challenges to Women’s Education:
- Conservative Hindu and Muslim families often opposed women’s education, fearing widowhood or corruption from reading Urdu romances.
- Despite prohibitions, some women, like the girl in a conservative Muslim family in North India and Rashsundari Debi in East Bengal, clandestinely pursued education, showcasing individual defiance against societal norms.
3. Emergence of Women’s Voices in Literature:
- Social reforms and novels generated interest in women’s lives and emotions, leading to the emergence of female authors who highlighted women’s experiences and challenges.
- Authors like Kailashbashini Debi, Tarabai Shinde, and Pandita Ramabai wrote passionately about the hardships faced by women, challenging societal injustices.
4. Development of Women-centric Print Culture:
- Women’s education became a significant focus of Hindi printing from the 1870s, with journals discussing issues like education, widowhood, and the national movement.
- Folk literature in Punjab and popular books from Bengal’s Battala area addressed topics such as women’s roles in households, often promoting traditional values through printed booklets and literature.
Print and the Poor People
1. Expansion of Book Access:
- In nineteenth-century Madras towns, very cheap small books were sold at crossroads, allowing even poor people travelling to markets to purchase them.
- Public libraries emerged in the early twentieth century, primarily in cities, towns, and prosperous villages, providing broader access to books.
2. Role of Libraries in Society:
- Setting up libraries became a status symbol for wealthy local patrons, enhancing their prestige within the community.
3. Caste Discourse in Print:
- From the late nineteenth century, caste discrimination issues were addressed in printed tracts and essays.
- Jyotiba Phule’s “Gulamgiri” (1871) and writings by B.R. Ambedkar and E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker (Periyar) in the twentieth century contributed significantly to caste discourse and were widely read across India.
4. Worker Representation in Print:
- Despite challenges, workers like Kashibaba and Sudarshan Chakra utilized print media to voice concerns about caste and class exploitation.
- The establishment of libraries by Bangalore cotton mill workers in the 1930s, inspired by Bombay workers, aimed at self-education, temperance, literacy promotion, and sometimes, nationalist propagation.
Next & Previous Topics of NCERT/CBSE History Class 10 Chapter 5: Print Culture and the Modern World
FAQ
Q1. How did printing affect literary preferences?
Answer: Printing influenced a demand for novels and diverse literary forms reflecting human experiences, emotions, and social dynamics.
Q2. What role did caricatures and cartoons play?
Answer: Caricatures and cartoons became commentary tools on social and political issues, depicting aspects of Indian society and critiquing imperial rule.
Q3. How did women engage with print culture?
Answer: Women’s literacy rose, supported by journals advocating education. Female authors emerged, highlighting women’s experiences and societal challenges.
MCQs on NCERT History Class 10 Chapter 5 – New Forms of Publication Class 10
Here are the top exam-oriented MCQ-type questions on “New Forms of Publication Class 10” that you should prepare for your CBSE or state board exams:
Question 1. Printing led to a demand for literature that reflected:
A) Only religious ideas
B) Lives and experiences of people
C) Only royal life
D) Scientific theories
Answer: B
Question 2. Which literary form became most popular due to printing?
A) Drama
B) Novel
C) Poetry
D) Biography
Answer: B
Question 3. Which of the following was NOT a new literary form?
A) Lyrics
B) Short stories
C) Essays
D) Manuscripts
Answer: D
Question 4. New literary forms mainly focused on:
A) Kings and wars
B) Human experiences and social issues
C) Only religion
D) Trade and economy
Answer: B
Question 5. Who was a famous artist producing mass images?
A) Abanindranath Tagore
B) Raja Ravi Varma
C) Rabindranath Tagore
D) Nandalal Bose
Answer: B
Question 6. Wood engravers created prints mainly for:
A) Writing books
B) Decoration
C) Trade
D) Education
Answer: B
Question 7. Caricatures and cartoons became common by:
A) 1850s
B) 1860s
C) 1870s
D) 1880s
Answer: C
Question 8. Caricatures and cartoons mainly commented on:
A) Weather
B) Social and political issues
C) Agriculture
D) Trade
Answer: B
Question 9. Women’s literacy increased mainly in:
A) Rural poor families
B) Middle-class households
C) Royal families only
D) Labour class
Answer: B
Question 10. Who supported women’s education at home?
A) Government only
B) Foreigners
C) Husbands and fathers
D) Teachers only
Answer: C
Question 11. Conservative families opposed women’s education due to fear of:
A) Poverty
B) Widowhood and corruption
C) Migration
D) Unemployment
Answer: B
Question 12. Who secretly learned to read in East Bengal?
A) Pandita Ramabai
B) Tarabai Shinde
C) Rashsundari Debi
D) Kailashbashini Debi
Answer: C
Question 13. Which author wrote about women’s hardships?
A) Raja Ravi Varma
B) Kailashbashini Debi
C) Mahatma Gandhi
D) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Answer: B
Question 14. Women’s education became a major focus in Hindi printing from:
A) 1850s
B) 1860s
C) 1870s
D) 1880s
Answer: C
Question 15. Cheap small books in Madras were sold at:
A) Schools
B) Libraries
C) Crossroads
D) Factories
Answer: C
Question 16. Public libraries became common in:
A) 18th century
B) 19th century
C) Early 20th century
D) 21st century
Answer: C
Question 17. Setting up libraries was seen as a symbol of:
A) Poverty
B) Prestige
C) Power
D) Education only
Answer: B
Question 18. Who wrote Gulamgiri (1871)?
A) B.R. Ambedkar
B) Jyotiba Phule
C) Periyar
D) Gandhi
Answer: B
Question 19. Workers like Kashibaba used print to highlight:
A) Trade profits
B) Religious ideas
C) Caste and class exploitation
D) Political power
Answer: C
Question 20. Bangalore mill workers set up libraries mainly for:
A) Entertainment
B) Trade
C) Self-education and awareness
D) Government work
Answer: C