NCERT Science (Chemistry) Class 10 Chapter 1 Notes | Have You Observed The Effects Of Oxidation Reactions In Everyday Life?

Topic & sub-topics covered: “Have You Observed The Effects Of Oxidation Reactions In Everyday Life?” and MCQs Questions: Chemical Reactions and Equations (All single detail notes are exam-oriented).

We have discussed in-depth and exam-oriented pointers that can be asked in the board exam of class 10th about “Have You Observed The Effects Of Oxidation Reactions In Everyday Life?” from the NCERT Science (Chemistry) Class 10 Chapter 1 “Chemical Reactions and Equations“.

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Have You Observed The Effects Of Oxidation Reactions In Everyday Life?

Corrosion

Definition and Concept

1. What is Corrosion?

• Corrosion is the process in which a metal is attacked by substances in its surroundings (e.g., moisture, acids) and gets gradually deteriorated.

2. Examples of Corrosion:

• Rusting of Iron: Formation of reddish-brown powder on iron surfaces.
• Tarnishing of Silver: Formation of a black coating.
• Corrosion of Copper: Formation of a green coating.

Causes of Corrosion

1. Key Factors:

• Exposure to moisture.
• Presence of acids or reactive gases in the environment.

2. Common Corrosive Substances:

• Oxygen in the air.
• Water or humidity.
• Pollutants such as sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and carbon dioxide (CO₂).

Effects of Corrosion

1. Damage to Structures:

• Weakens structures like car bodies, bridges, ships, and iron railings.

2. Economic Impact:

• Significant expenses are incurred annually to repair or replace corroded materials, especially iron.

Key Observations

1. Visual Indicators:

• Iron: Reddish-brown coating (rust).
• Silver: Black coating.
• Copper: Green coating.

Importance of Understanding Corrosion

1. Real-Life Applications:

• Awareness of corrosion helps in designing protective measures like galvanization, painting, or coating metals.

Rancidity

Definition and Concept

1. What is Rancidity?

• Rancidity is the process by which fats and oils in food become oxidised, leading to a change in their smell and taste.

2. Cause of Rancidity:

• Exposure to oxygen in the air results in the oxidation of fats and oils.

Prevention of Rancidity

1. Role of Antioxidants:

• Substances known as antioxidants are added to food to prevent or slow down oxidation.

2. Airtight Containers:

• Storing food in airtight containers reduces the contact of food with oxygen, thereby slowing oxidation.

3. Use of Inert Gases:

• Chips manufacturers flush packets with nitrogen gas to displace oxygen and prevent rancidity.

Effects of Rancidity

1. Changes in Food Quality:

• Rancidity alters the smell and taste of food containing fats and oils, making it unpleasant and unsuitable for consumption.

2. Shelf Life Reduction:

• Rancidity shortens the shelf life of food products rich in fats and oils.

Applications in Daily Life

1. Food Packaging:

• Nitrogen flushing is a common technique in snack packaging to preserve freshness.
• Use of preservatives like BHA (Butylated Hydroxyanisole) or BHT (Butylated Hydroxytoluene) in processed foods.

2. Storage Techniques:

• Refrigeration or vacuum packaging is commonly used to prevent oxidation and rancidity.

Next & Previous Topics of NCERT/CBSE Science (Chemistry) Class 10 Chapter 1: Chemical Reactions and Equations

Topics No.	Topics Name
1	Chemical Equations
2	Types Of Chemical Reactions
3	Have You Observed The Effects Of Oxidation Reactions In Everyday Life?

MCQs on NCERT Science (Chemistry) Class 10 Chapter 1 Topic – Have You Observed The Effects Of Oxidation Reactions In Everyday Life?

Here are the top exam-oriented MCQ-type questions on “Have You Observed The Effects Of Oxidation Reactions In Everyday Life?” that you should prepare for your CBSE or state board exams:

Question 1. What is the reddish-brown substance formed on iron objects called?

a) Tarnish
b) Rust
c) Patina
d) Corrosion

Answer: b) Rust

Question 2. What is the process in which metals are attacked by substances such as moisture and acids called?

a) Oxidation
b) Rancidity
c) Corrosion
d) Decomposition

Answer: c) Corrosion

Question 3. Which coating is formed on silver due to corrosion?

a) Reddish-brown coating
b) Green coating
c) Black coating
d) No coating

Answer: c) Black coating

Question 4. What is the green coating formed on copper due to corrosion commonly known as?

a) Rust
b) Patina
c) Tarnish
d) Oxide layer

Answer: b) Patina

Question 5. Which of the following is not affected by corrosion?

a) Iron
b) Plastic
c) Copper
d) Silver

Answer: b) Plastic

Question 6. Corrosion of iron is also called:

a) Oxidation
b) Rusting
c) Tarnishing
d) Decomposition

Answer: b) Rusting

Question 7. Why is corrosion a serious problem for iron?

a) It is irreversible
b) It leads to the formation of harmful gases
c) It causes structural damage and financial losses
d) It changes the appearance only

Answer: c) It causes structural damage and financial losses

Question 8. Which environmental factors mainly contribute to corrosion?

a) Heat and light
b) Moisture and acids
c) Wind and dust
d) Salt and sand

Answer: b) Moisture and acids

Question 9. What causes fats and oils to become rancid?

a) Reduction
b) Oxidation
c) Sublimation
d) Combustion

Answer: b) Oxidation

Question 10. What is added to food to prevent rancidity?

a) Antioxidants
b) Preservatives
c) Acids
d) Colorants

Answer: a) Antioxidants

Question 11. How can the oxidation of fats and oils be slowed down?

a) Exposing food to sunlight
b) Storing food in airtight containers
c) Adding water to the food
d) Storing food in humid conditions

Answer: b) Storing food in airtight containers

Question 12. Why do chips manufacturers flush bags of chips with nitrogen gas?

a) To preserve taste
b) To prevent rancidity
c) To keep the chips crunchy
d) To make the bags lighter

Answer: b) To prevent rancidity

Question 13. What change occurs in fats and oils when they become rancid?

a) Their color becomes black
b) They become solid
c) Their smell and taste change
d) Their state changes to gaseous form

Answer: c) Their smell and taste change

Question 14. Which gas is commonly used to flush food packets to prevent rancidity?

a) Oxygen
b) Carbon dioxide
c) Nitrogen
d) Helium

Answer: c) Nitrogen

Question 15. What type of reaction causes rancidity?

a) Combination reaction
b) Decomposition reaction
c) Oxidation reaction
d) Displacement reaction

Answer: c) Oxidation reaction

Question 16. Which of the following methods is not effective in preventing rancidity?

a) Adding antioxidants
b) Storing food in humid conditions
c) Keeping food in airtight containers
d) Flushing food packets with nitrogen gas

Answer: b) Storing food in humid conditions

Question 17. Rancidity is most commonly observed in which type of food?

a) Sugar-based foods
b) Fat/oil-containing foods
c) Protein-rich foods
d) Salted foods

Answer: b) Fat/oil-containing foods