NCERT Economics Class 10 | Modern Forms of Money Notes
Topic & sub-topics covered: Modern Forms of Money, Currency, Deposits with Banks: Money and Credit (All single detail notes are exam-oriented).
We have discussed in-depth and exam-oriented pointers that can be asked in the board exam of class 10th about “Modern Forms of Money, Currency, Deposits with Banks” which is taken from the NCERT Economics notes for class 10th chapter 3 “Money and Credit“.
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NCERT Class 10 Economics Chapter 3 Money and Credit Class 10th PDF Notes
Delve into the intricacies of monetary systems, explore the role of credit in the economy, and understand the mechanisms of banking and financial institutions. Our meticulously prepared notes provide concise explanations, illustrative examples, and insightful analysis to deepen your understanding of this crucial subject. With a clear focus on exam preparation and academic excellence, our PDF notes offer a structured approach to learning, helping you grasp complex concepts with ease.
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Modern Forms of Money
1. Definition of Money:
- Money serves as a medium of exchange in transactions, facilitating the buying and selling of goods and services.
2. Early Forms of Money in India:
- In ancient India, commodities such as grains and cattle were used as forms of money for conducting transactions.
3. Transition to Metallic Coins:
- The use of metallic coins, including gold, silver, and copper, replaced earlier forms of money and persisted until recent centuries.
4. Significance of Metallic Coins:
- Metallic coins played a significant role as a standardized form of currency, facilitating trade and commerce with their intrinsic value and durability.
Currency
1. Definition of Modern Currency:
- Modern currency comprises paper notes and coins, serving as mediums of exchange in economic transactions.
2. Composition of Modern Currency:
- Unlike earlier forms of money made of precious metals like gold, silver, and copper, modern currency is not inherently valuable.
3. Government Authorization:
- Modern currency is accepted as a medium of exchange because it is authorized by the government of the country.
4. Issuance of Currency in India:
- In India, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) issues currency notes on behalf of the central government.
5. Legal Status of Currency:
- Indian law prohibits any individual or organization other than the government from issuing currency.
6. Mandatory Acceptance:
- The law in India mandates the acceptance of the rupee as a medium of payment, and no individual can legally refuse a payment made in rupees.
7. Role of Reserve Bank of India (RBI):
- The RBI plays a crucial role in regulating and managing the issuance and circulation of currency in the country.
8. Rupee’s Acceptance:
- Due to its legal status and government backing, the Indian rupee is widely accepted as a medium of exchange for settling transactions within the country.
9. Legal Tender Laws:
- Legal tender laws ensure that currency issued by the government must be accepted as payment for goods and services and in the settlement of debts.
10. Importance of Government Authority:
- Government authorization and legal recognition are essential factors that establish trust and confidence in the acceptance and usability of modern currency.
Deposits with Banks
1. Forms of Holding Money:
- People hold money in two primary forms: currency (cash) and deposits with banks.
2. Reason for Depositing Money in Banks:
- Individuals deposit extra cash with banks to ensure its safety and earn interest on their deposits.
3. Interest on Deposits:
- Banks pay interest on the deposits made by individuals, providing an incentive for depositors to keep their money with the bank.
4. Withdrawal Provision:
- Depositors have the provision to withdraw their money from their bank accounts as and when required.
5. Demand Deposits Definition:
- Deposits in bank accounts that can be withdrawn on demand by the depositor are termed as demand deposits.
6. Characteristic of Demand Deposits:
- Demand deposits possess the essential characteristic of money as they can be used as a medium of exchange.
7. Payment through Cheques:
- Payment through cheques allows individuals to settle transactions without the need for physical cash.
8. Role of Cheques:
- Cheques act as instructions to the bank to pay a specific amount from the payer’s account to the payee.
9. Importance of Banks:
- Banks play a crucial role in facilitating demand deposits and payments through cheques, linking modern forms of money to the functioning of the banking system.
10. Integration of Currency and Deposits:
- Both currency and demand deposits are widely accepted as means of payment, collectively constituting money in the modern economy.
Next & Previous Topics of NCERT/CBSE Economics Class 10 Chapter 3: Money and Credit
FAQ
Q1. What are the modern forms of money included?
Answer: Modern forms of money encompass various instruments beyond traditional cash, including:
- Digital Currency: Digital currencies, such as cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin and Ethereum, are decentralized digital assets that can be used for online transactions. They rely on cryptographic techniques for secure transactions and are often independent of traditional banking systems.
- Bank Deposits: Bank deposits represent money held in checking or savings accounts, which can be accessed electronically through debit cards, checks, or online banking platforms. These deposits are typically insured by government agencies to ensure the safety of funds.
- Credit and Debit Cards: Credit and debit cards are widely used for transactions, allowing individuals to make purchases without using physical cash. These cards are linked to bank accounts and enable electronic transfers of funds.
- Electronic Payment Systems: Electronic payment systems, such as PayPal, Venmo, and other mobile payment apps, facilitate digital transactions between individuals and businesses. They allow for instant transfers of money through online platforms or mobile devices.
- Prepaid Cards: Prepaid cards are loaded with a specific amount of money and can be used for purchases similar to debit or credit cards. They are often used as alternatives to traditional banking accounts and are reloadable with additional funds.
- Contactless Payments: Contactless payment methods, including Near Field Communication (NFC) technology and mobile wallets like Apple Pay and Google Pay, enable transactions by simply tapping or waving a card or mobile device near a compatible payment terminal.
- Cryptocurrencies: Cryptocurrencies are digital or virtual currencies that use cryptography for security and operate independently of central banks. They can be exchanged for goods and services or traded on various online platforms.
These modern forms of money offer convenience, accessibility, and efficiency in financial transactions, reflecting the evolving nature of monetary systems in the digital age.
Q2. What defines modern currency?
Answer: Modern currency comprises paper notes and coins authorized by the government, serving as mediums of exchange in economic transactions.
Q3. What is the withdrawal provision for depositors?
Answer: Depositors have the provision to withdraw their money from their bank accounts as and when required.
Q4. Why are banks important in the modern economy?
Answer: Banks play a crucial role in facilitating demand deposits and payments through cheques, linking modern forms of money to the functioning of the banking system.